Questions to Ask Before Starting PGT in Thailand

If you are considering preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) as part of your IVF journey in Thailand, it is natural to have many questions. PGT can provide valuable information about embryos before transfer, but it is not a guarantee of pregnancy or a healthy child. This guide offers a practical checklist of questions to ask your clinic before starting PGT, helping you understand what the test can and cannot tell you.

At a Glance: Key Questions to Ask

• Which type of PGT is recommended for my situation, and why?
• What are the limitations of PGT, and what can it not detect?
• How many embryos might be lost during testing, and what is the risk of no embryo being suitable for transfer?
• What are the costs involved, and what is included in the quoted price?
• How will results be explained, and what support is available for decision-making?

Understanding PGT: Types and Purpose

PGT is a set of techniques used to screen embryos for genetic abnormalities before implantation. There are three main types:

• PGT-A (Aneuploidy Screening): Checks for the correct number of chromosomes. Aneuploidy (missing or extra chromosomes) is a common cause of implantation failure and miscarriage.
• PGT-M (Monogenic Disorders): Tests for specific single-gene disorders, such as cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia, when one or both parents carry a known mutation.
• PGT-SR (Structural Rearrangements): Detects structural changes in chromosomes, such as translocations or inversions, which can affect embryo development.

Your clinic will recommend a specific type based on your medical history, age, and genetic risk factors. It is important to understand that PGT is not a routine test for everyone; it is typically offered when there is a medical indication.

Questions About Test Type and Suitability

Before starting PGT, clarify which test is appropriate for you and why. Ask:

• Which type of PGT do you recommend for my situation, and what is the medical rationale?
• Are there any alternatives to PGT that I should consider?
• How does my age or medical history influence the recommendation?
• Is PGT mandatory for my treatment, or is it optional?

Understanding the purpose of the test helps you make an informed choice. For example, PGT-A is often used to improve the chances of a successful transfer, but it does not guarantee a live birth.

Questions About Limitations and What PGT Cannot Tell You

PGT has limitations. It cannot detect all genetic conditions, and a normal result does not guarantee a healthy baby. Ask your clinic:

• What conditions can this test detect, and what conditions are not covered?
• What is the accuracy rate of the test, and are there risks of false positives or false negatives?
• Can PGT identify all chromosomal abnormalities, or only certain ones?
• Does a normal PGT result guarantee a successful pregnancy or a healthy child?

It is essential to have realistic expectations. PGT is a screening tool, not a guarantee.

Questions About Embryo Loss and Testing Risks

PGT involves removing a few cells from the embryo, which carries a small risk of damage. Additionally, not all embryos will be suitable for testing or transfer. Ask:

• How many embryos typically survive the biopsy process?
• What is the risk that no embryo will be suitable for transfer after testing?
• How does the clinic handle embryos that are abnormal or inconclusive?
• Are there any risks to the embryo from the biopsy procedure?

Understanding these risks helps you prepare emotionally and financially for the possibility that you may not have a transferable embryo.

Questions About Costs and Financial Planning

PGT adds to the overall cost of IVF. Costs can vary widely depending on the type of test, the number of embryos, and the clinic. Ask for a detailed breakdown:

• What is the total cost of PGT, and what does it include (e.g., biopsy, laboratory fees, genetic counseling)?
• Are there additional costs for each embryo tested, or is it a flat fee?
• What happens if the test needs to be repeated or if results are inconclusive?
• Are there any payment plans or packages available?

Be sure to get all cost information in writing and clarify what is not included, such as medications or additional consultations.

Questions About the Testing Process and Timeline

Understanding the process helps you plan. Ask:

• How long does the PGT process take, and how will it affect my IVF timeline?
• When will I receive the results, and how will they be communicated?
• Will I need to have a frozen embryo transfer (FET) after PGT, or can fresh transfer be done?
• How many embryos are typically needed to proceed with PGT?

PGT usually requires a frozen transfer because the biopsy and testing take time. Your clinic will guide you through the schedule.

Questions About Results and Decision-Making

Interpreting PGT results can be complex. Ask how your clinic supports you:

• How will the results be explained to me, and will I have a genetic counseling session?
• What are my options if the results show abnormalities?
• Can I choose which embryos to transfer, and what is the clinic’s policy on transferring mosaic embryos (embryos with a mix of normal and abnormal cells)?
• What support is available for emotional or ethical decisions?

Your clinic should provide clear, non-directive counseling to help you make decisions that align with your values.

Next Steps: Your Pre-Test Checklist

Before you start PGT in Thailand, take these steps:

1. Gather your medical records, including any genetic test results.
2. Prepare a list of questions from this guide and bring it to your consultation.
3. Ask for a written cost estimate and a clear explanation of the testing process.
4. Consider seeking independent genetic counseling to fully understand the implications.
5. Take time to reflect on your personal and family goals before making decisions.

Remember, PGT is a personal choice. It can provide valuable information, but it is not right for everyone. Your clinic should help you weigh the benefits and limitations based on your unique situation.

For more information, explore our PGT in Thailand guide, visit our guides section, or check our FAQ for common questions.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR?

PGT-A screens for an abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidy), PGT-M tests for specific single-gene disorders, and PGT-SR detects structural changes in chromosomes. Your clinic will recommend the appropriate type based on your medical history and genetic risk.

Does PGT guarantee a healthy baby?

No. PGT can reduce the risk of transferring embryos with certain genetic abnormalities, but it cannot guarantee a successful pregnancy or a healthy child. It is a screening tool with limitations.

How much does PGT cost in Thailand?

Costs vary by clinic, type of test, and number of embryos. It is important to ask for a detailed breakdown of what is included and any additional fees. Confirm all costs in writing before starting.

What is the risk of embryo loss during PGT?

The biopsy procedure carries a small risk of embryo damage, and not all embryos may survive the testing process. Additionally, some embryos may be abnormal and not suitable for transfer. Your clinic can provide specific data based on their experience.

Can I choose which embryos to transfer after PGT?

Yes, in most cases you can decide which embryos to transfer, but policies may vary regarding mosaic embryos. Discuss your options and the clinic's policy during your consultation.

Continue your research

• PGT in Thailand overview
• PGT and IVF guides
• Frequently asked questions

Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.