Questions to Ask About PGT-A Before Starting IVF in Thailand

If you are considering IVF in Thailand and thinking about preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A), you likely have many questions. PGT-A screens embryos for chromosomal abnormalities before transfer, but it is not a guarantee of pregnancy or a healthy baby. Asking the right questions before you start can help you understand what the test can and cannot do, how your clinic uses the results, and what to expect in terms of timing and costs. This checklist will guide you through the key topics to discuss with your fertility team.

At a Glance: Key Areas to Explore

• Methodology: How is the biopsy performed and what technology is used?
• Lab accreditation: Is the testing laboratory accredited and experienced?
• Reporting: How long until you receive results, and what do they include?
• Treatment planning: How will your doctor use the results to decide which embryos to transfer?
• Limitations: What are the risks and uncertainties of PGT-A?

Understanding PGT-A Basics

PGT-A is a test that checks embryos for an abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidy). Embryos with the correct number of chromosomes (euploid) are more likely to implant and develop, but PGT-A does not guarantee success. It is not recommended for everyone; your doctor may suggest it based on your age, medical history, or previous IVF outcomes. Before you ask detailed questions, make sure you understand the purpose and limitations of the test.

Questions About the Biopsy Procedure

The biopsy is a critical step in PGT-A. You will want to know how the clinic performs it and what it means for your embryos.

• On which day of embryo development is the biopsy performed? (Typically day 5 or 6, but confirm with your clinic.)
• How many cells are removed, and how does the clinic ensure the safety of the embryo?
• Is the biopsy performed by an experienced embryologist? What is their training and success rate?
• Will the biopsy be done on the trophectoderm (the part that becomes the placenta) rather than the inner cell mass?
• What is the risk of embryo damage during the biopsy process?

Questions About the Testing Laboratory

The accuracy of PGT-A depends on the laboratory that analyzes the biopsy sample. Ask about the lab’s credentials and quality controls.

• Is the testing laboratory accredited by an international body, such as CAP or ISO? (Ask for specific certifications.)
• How many PGT-A cycles does the lab process each year? What is their experience with the technology?
• What technology is used for the analysis—next-generation sequencing (NGS) or another method? How does this affect accuracy?
• How does the lab handle mosaicism (embryos with both normal and abnormal cells)? Will you be informed if mosaicism is detected?
• Are there any additional tests, such as PGT-M or PGT-SR, that can be done simultaneously if needed?

Questions About Results and Reporting

Understanding the timeline and content of your results helps you plan your IVF cycle and manage expectations.

• How long after the biopsy will you receive the PGT-A results? (This may vary from a few days to a couple of weeks.)
• Will the results be explained by a genetic counselor or your doctor? Can you ask questions about the report?
• What information is included in the report? (For example, chromosome status, mosaicism, and any inconclusive results.)
• What happens if the results are inconclusive? Will you have the option to retest or re-biopsy?
• How are results communicated—via email, phone, or in person?

Questions About How Results Are Used in Treatment

PGT-A results are only useful if they guide your treatment decisions. Ask your doctor how they will incorporate the results into your IVF plan.

• Will you transfer only euploid embryos? What is the clinic’s policy on transferring mosaic embryos?
• How many embryos are typically needed to have at least one euploid embryo for transfer? (This depends on your age and embryo quality.)
• If no euploid embryos are available, what are your options? (For example, a new cycle or transfer of a mosaic embryo after counseling.)
• Does the clinic offer frozen embryo transfer (FET) after PGT-A, and what is the success rate for FET?
• How does PGT-A affect the overall timeline of your IVF cycle?

Questions About Costs and Logistics

PGT-A adds to the cost of IVF, and you should have a clear understanding of the financial and practical aspects.

• What is the cost of PGT-A per embryo or per cycle? Are there additional fees for biopsy, shipping, or storage?
• Does the clinic offer any packages that include PGT-A? What is included in the package?
• Is the testing performed on-site or at an external laboratory? If external, how are samples shipped and what are the logistics?
• Are there any additional costs if you need to repeat the biopsy or if results are inconclusive?
• Does your insurance or any financing options cover PGT-A? (Check with your provider.)

Questions About Risks and Limitations

It is important to have realistic expectations. Ask your doctor to explain the limitations of PGT-A.

• What is the accuracy rate of PGT-A? Are there false positives or false negatives?
• Can PGT-A detect all genetic abnormalities? (No, it only screens for chromosomal number changes, not single-gene disorders unless PGT-M is also done.)
• What are the risks of the biopsy to the embryo? Is there any evidence of reduced implantation rates?
• Does PGT-A guarantee a live birth? (No, it does not; it only helps select embryos with the correct number of chromosomes.)
• Are there any ethical or legal considerations I should be aware of in Thailand?

Next Steps: Your Pre-Test Checklist

Before you commit to PGT-A, take these steps to feel confident in your decision.

1. Write down your questions and bring them to your consultation.
2. Ask for a detailed explanation of the PGT-A process, from biopsy to transfer.
3. Request information about the laboratory’s accreditation and experience.
4. Clarify all costs and timelines in writing.
5. Discuss your personal risk factors and whether PGT-A is recommended for you.
6. Consider seeking a second opinion if you have any doubts.

For more information on PGT in Thailand, visit our PGT in Thailand page. You can also explore our guides and FAQ for additional insights.

Frequently asked questions

What is PGT-A and why is it offered in Thailand?

PGT-A (preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy) screens embryos for an abnormal number of chromosomes before transfer. It is offered in Thailand to help select embryos with the best chance of implantation, but it is not a guarantee of pregnancy or a healthy baby. Your doctor may recommend it based on your age, medical history, or previous IVF outcomes.

How long does PGT-A testing take in Thailand?

The time from biopsy to receiving results can vary by clinic and laboratory. Typically, it may take from a few days to a couple of weeks. Ask your clinic for their specific reporting timeline during your consultation.

Are PGT-A results always accurate?

PGT-A is highly accurate but not perfect. There is a small chance of false positives or false negatives, and the test cannot detect all genetic abnormalities. It only screens for chromosomal number changes, not single-gene disorders unless PGT-M is also performed. Discuss the limitations with your doctor.

What should I ask about the lab that processes my PGT-A samples?

Ask about the lab's accreditation (such as CAP or ISO), their experience with PGT-A, the technology used (like NGS), and how they handle mosaicism. Also ask if the lab is on-site or external, and how samples are shipped.

Can PGT-A be combined with other genetic tests?

Yes, PGT-A can be performed alongside PGT-M (for single-gene disorders) or PGT-SR (for structural rearrangements) if you have a known genetic condition. Ask your clinic if they offer these combined tests and what the additional costs and timelines are.

Continue your research

• PGT in Thailand overview
• PGT and IVF guides
• Frequently asked questions

Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.